Individual course details
Study programme			Physics
Chosen research area (module)			General physics
Nature and level of studies			Undergraduate studies
Name of the course			General physics 4
Professor (lectures)			Bratislav Obradović
Professor/associate (examples/practical)			Vesna Kovačević
Professor/associate (additional)
ECTS		9	Status (required/elective)	required
Access requirements	Matematics 1
Aims of the course	Through theoretical instruction, demonstration experiments and computational exercises, students can get acquainted with the basic laws of electromagnetic wave propagation, geometric and physical optics.
Learning outcomes	Adopted basic concepts and gained the necessary understanding of the basic laws of electromagnetic waves and light propagation through familiarization with the key experiments and equations that follow from them, while developing mathematical techniques that enable students to solve specific tasks from the domain of geometric and physical optics.
Contents of the course
Lectures	1. Maxwell equations, electromagnetic waves, Hertz's experiment, EM wave and its characteristics, EM field, Pointing vector and light pressure. 2. Huygens principle, law of reflection and reflection of light, Fermat’s principle. 3. Fresnel’s relations, radiations, reflection and transmission coefficients, Brewster's angle of total reflection. 4. Geometric optics, refraction on aspherical surfaces, refraction on spherical surfaces, equations. 5. Thin lenses, thin lens equation, image forming using  thin lens, Newton's formula. 6. Combination of lenses, optical systems: eye, magnifier, telescope, microscope. 7. Aberrations of lenses and optical systems; spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, distortion, astigmatism and coma. 8. Plane and spherical mirrors – image forming. 9. Physical optics, superposition of waves, superposition of two waves, phase diagram, standing wave. 10. Polarization of light, linear, circular and elliptical polarization, dichroism and polarizers, natural polarized light, Malus's law. 11. Double refraction (birefringence) of light, fast and slow ray, calcite, waveplate (retarder). 12. Optical activity, natural (quartz) and induced (Pockels, Kerr and Faraday effects).13. Interference of light, interference of two waves of the same frequencies, concept of coherence, interference of polarized light (Fresnel-Arago law). 14. Interference by wave-front splitting, Young's experiment, Fresnel's mirror, Fresnel biprism. 15. Interference by amplitude splitting, thin film interference, thin-wedge interference, Newton's rings, Michaelson interferometer. 16. Multiple-wave interference, Fabry-Perot interferometer. 17. Light diffraction of N equidistant coherent sources, radiation of line of coherent sources. 18. Fraunhofer diffraction on one narrow slit, diffraction grating. 19. Fresnel diffraction, Fresnel zone, diffraction on a circular aperture. Fresnel's lens. 20. Fresnel diffraction on semi-infinite plane, Fresnel diffraction on  narrow slit.
Examples/ practical classes	Example classes follow the lectures
Recommended books
1	М. Платиша, Eлектромагнетизам и елементи атомске физике, Универзитет у Београду, Београд 1997
2	Purcell E.M., Morin D.J.-Electricity and Magnetism-Cambridge University Press (2013)
3	С. Е. Божин, Електромагнетизам и оптика, Студентски трг, Београд, 1997
4	И.Е.Иродов, Задаци из опште физике, Завод за удџбенике, Подгорица 2000
5
Number of classes (weekly)
Lectures	Examples&practicals		Student project	Additional
4	3
Teaching and learning methods	Lectures, demonstration experiments, in-class problem solving
Assessment (maximal 100)
assesed coursework		mark	examination	mark
coursework		5	written examination	45
practicals			oral examination	55
papers
presentations